-
1 μηδείς
μηδείς, μηδεμίᾰ, μηδέν (i.e. μηδὲ εἷς, μηδὲ μία, μηδὲ ἕν): fem. μηδὲ ἴα or μηδεΐα (or - έϊα) IG12(2).6.12 (Mytil.):—A not one, not even one, nobody (in neut. nothing), once in Hom. (who elsewh. uses μή τις, v. μήτις), ἀναίνετο μηδὲν ἑλέσθαι Il.18.500
;μή πως.. μηδὲν ἀνύσσῃς Hes.Op. 395
;μηδὲν ἄγαν Pi.Fr. 216
, etc.: rare in pl. ( μηδαμοί being used in [dialect] Ion.),μηδένες ἄλλοι X.HG5.4.20
; .2 μηδὲ εἷς (so written) is found in [dialect] Att. Inscrr., as IG12.114.41, 22.487.9 ( μηδ' h ενί ib.12.73.6), but is used esp. in an emphatic sense, not even one,μηδὲ ἕν Ar.Pl.37
: freq. with an intervening Particle or Prep.,μηδ' ἂν ἕνα Pl.Cra. 414d
;μηδ' ἐν ἑνὶ χρόνῳ Id.Prm. 156c
;μηδ' ἐξ ἑνός Id.Phdr. 245d
;μηδ' ἐφ' ἑνί Id.R. 553d
;μηδὲ περὶ ἑνός Id.Tht. 171c
; μηδ' ὑφ' ἑνός, μηδ' ὑπὸ μιᾶς, Id.Smp. 222d, Alc.1.122a;μηδὲ ὑφ' ἑνός IG12.32.8
.II nobody, naught, good for naught,κἄμ' ἴσον τῷ μ. S.OC 918
: pl.,οὐ γὰρ ἠξίου τοὺς μηδένας Id.Aj. 1114
; μηδέν or τὸ μηδέν as Subst., naught, nothing,κεἰ τὸ μ. ἐξερῶ Id.Ant. 234
; μ. λέγειν to say what is naught, X.Cyr.8.3.20, etc.;ἡ ἡμετέρη εὐδαιμονίη.. ἀπέρριπται ἐς τὸ μ. Hdt.1.32
;τοῦ μηδενὸς ἀξίη Id.6.137
;ἐπὶ μηδὲν ἔρχεσθαι S.El. 1000
;ἐς τὸ μ. ἥκειν E.Hec. 622
; of persons, τὸ μ. a good-for-nothing, τὸ μ. εἶναι, of a eunuch, Hdt.8.106;τοιγὰρ σὺ δέξαι μ' ἐς τὸ σὸν στέγος, τὴν μηδὲν ἐς τὸ μ. S.El. 1166
;κἂν τὸ μ. ὦ Id.Tr. 1107
;τὸ μ. ὄντας Id.Aj. 1275
; ὁ μ. ὤν ib. 767; ὅτ' οὐδὲν ὢν τοῦ μηδὲν ἀντέστης ὕπερ ib. 1231, cf. 1094, E.Hec. 843, etc.; ἧττον αὐτοῖς ἔνι ἢ τὸ μ., i.e. it is a mere impossibility, Pl.Tht. 180a; also μ. εἶναι without the Art., Luc.Rh.Pr.2.III neut. μηδέν as Adv., not at all, by no means,μηδὲν ἐγκέλευ' ἄγαν A.Pr.72
, cf. 344;μ. διαφέρειν πλὴν ὀνόματι Pl.Plt. 280a
, etc.: with an Adv.,μ. αἰνικτηρίως A.Pr. 949
: freq. with [comp] Comp., μ. μᾶλλον, ἧσσον, etc., S.Aj. 280, 1329, etc.— When other negatives, also derived from μή, are used with it, they do not destroy, but strengthen the negation, μηδέποτε μηδὲν αἰσχρὸν ποιήσας ἔλπιζε λήσειν never hope to escape, when you have done anything base. Isoc.1.16; cf. μηθείς. -
2 τρόπος
A turn, direction, way,διώρυχες παντοίους τρόπους ἔχουσαι Hdt.2.108
;διώρυχας τετραμμένας πάντα τ. Id.1.189
, cf. 199: but,II commonly, way, manner, fashion, guise, τρόπῳ τῷ παρεόντι χρεώμενοι going on as we are, ib.97;τ. ὑποδημάτων Κρητικός Hp.Art.62
;πᾶς τ. μορφῆς A.Eu. 192
;τίς ὁ τ. τῆς ξυμφορᾶς; S. OT99
;ἀσκεῖν τὸν υἱὸν τὸν ἐπιχώριον τ. Ar.Pl.47
;ὁ αὐτός που τ. τέχνης ἰατρικῆς ὅσπερ καὶ ῥητορικῆς Pl.Phdr. 270b
; tenor, of documents, PGen.16.11 (iii A. D.), etc.: also in Pl., κεχώρισται τοὺς τ. in its ways, in its kind, Hdt.4.28;ψυχῆς τρποι Pl.R. 445c
, etc.;οἱ περὶ τὴν ψυχὴν τ. Arist.HA 588a20
:—in various adverbial usages:1 dat.,τίνι τρόπῳ;
how?A.
Pers. 793, S.OT10, E.Ba. 1294;τῷ τ.; S.El. 679
, E. Hipp. 909, 1008;ποίῳ τ.; A.Pr. 763
, etc.; τοιούτῳ τ., τ. τοιῷδε, Hdt. 1.94, 3.68;ἄλλῳ τ. Pl.Phdr. 232b
, etc.; ἑνί γέ τῳ τ. in one way or other, Ar.Pl. 402, Pl.Men. 96d; παντὶ τ. by all means, A.Th. 301 (lyr.), Lys.13.25; οὐδενὶ τ., μηδενὶ τ., in no wise, by no mdans, on no account, Hdt.4.111, Th.6.35, Pl.Cri. 49a, etc.; ἑκουσίῳ τ. willingly, E. Med. 751; τρόπῳ φρενός by way of intelligence, i.e. in lieu of the intelligence which is lacking to the child, A.Ch. 754 (s. v.l.): poet. in pl.,τρόποισι ποίοις; S.OC 468
; τρόποισιν οὐ τυραννικοῖς not after the fashion of.., A.Ch. 479;ναυκλήρου τρόποις S.Ph. 128
.2 abs. in acc.,τίνα τρόπον;
how?Ar.
Nu. 170, Ra. 460; τ. τινά in a manner, E.Hipp. 1300, Pl.R. 432e; τοῦτον τὸν τ., τόνδε τὸν τ., Id.Smp. 199a, X.An. 1.1.9;ὃν τ.
how,D.H.
3.8; as, LXXPs.41(42).1;τ. τὸν αὐτόν A.Ch. 274
;πάντα τ. Ar.Nu. 700
(lyr.), etc.;μηδένα τ. X.Mem.3.7.8
; τὸν μέγαν τ., οὐ σμικρὸν τ., A.Th. 284, 465;τὸν Ἀργείων τ. Pi.I.6(5).58
;Σαμιακὸν τ. Cratin.13
; βάρβαρον τ. ( βρόμον ex Sch. Schütz) in barbarous guise or fashion, A.Th. 463; πίτυος τρόπον after the manner of a pine, Hdt.6.37; ὄρνιθος τ. like a bird, Id.2.57, cf. A.Ag.49 (anap.), 390 (lyr.), etc.; later,ἐς ὄρνιθος τ. Luc.Halc.1
, cf. Bis Acc.27: rarely in pl., πάντας τρόπους in all ways, Pl.Phd. 94d.3 with Preps., τὸν ἐγκώμιον ἀμφὶ τρόπον in way of praise, Pi.O.10(11).77:—δι' οὗ τρόπου Men.539.6
;διὰ τοιούτου τ. D.S.1.66
:—ἐς τὸν νῦν τ. Th.1.6
;εἰς τὸν αὐτὸν τ. μετασκευάσαι X.Cyr.6.2.8
; ἐς ὄρνιθος τ. (v. supr.2):—ἐκ παντὸς τ. Id.An.3.1.43
, Isoc.4.95, etc.;ἐξ ἑνός γέ του τ. Ar.Fr. 187
, Th.6.34;μηδὲ ἐξ ἑνὸς τ. Lys.31.30
;μηδ' ἐξ ἑνὸς τ. Isoc.5.3
:—ἐν τῷ ἑαυτῶν τ. Th.7.67
, cf. 1.97, etc.;ἐν τρόπῳ βοσκήματος Pl.Lg. 807a
: in pl., γυναικὸς ἐν τρόποις, ἐν τ. Ἰξίονος, A.Ag. 918, Eu. 441:—κατὰ τὸν αὐτὸν τ. X.Cyr.8.2.5
;κατὰ πάντα τ. Ar.Av. 451
(lyr.), X.An. 6.6.30, etc.;κατ' οὐδένα τ. Plb.4.84.8
, etc.;κατ' ἄλλον τ. Pl.Cra. 417b
;κατὰ τὸν Ἑλληνικὸν τ. X.Cyr.2.2.28
: in pl., κατὰ πολλοὺς τ. ib.8.1.46, etc.:—μετὰ ὁτουοῦν τ. in any manner whatever, Th.8.27:—ἑνὶ σὺν τ. Pi.N.7.14
.4 κατὰ τρόπον,a according to custom,κατὰ τὸν τ. τῆς φύσεως Pl.Lg. 804b
; opp.παρὰ τὸν τ. τὸν ἑαυτῶν Th.5.63
, cf. Antipho 3.2.1.b fitly, duly, Epich.283, Isoc. 2.6, Pl.Plt. 310c, etc.;οὐδαμῶς κατὰ τ. Id.Lg. 638c
; opp. unreasonable, absurd,Id.
Cra. 421d, Tht. 143c, etc.; soθαυμαστὸν οὐδὲν οὐδ' ἀπὸ τοῦ ἀνθρωπείου τ. Th.1.76
.III of persons, a way of life, habit, custom, Pi.N.1.29; μῶν ἡλιαστά; Answ.μἀλλὰ θατέρου τ. Ar. Av. 109
;ἐγὼ δὲ τούτου τοῦ τ. πώς εἰμ' ἀεί Id.Pl. 246
, cf. 630.2 a man's ways, habits, character, temper, ὀργὴν καὶ ῥυθμὸν καὶ τ. ὅστις ἂν ᾖ (v.l. ὅντιν' ἔχει) Thgn.964; τρόπου ἡσυχίου of a quiet temper, Hdt.1.107, cf. 3.36;φιλανθρώπου τ. A.Pr.11
;γυναικὶ κόσμος ὁ τ., οὐ τὰ χρυσία Men.Mon.92
;οὐ τὸν τ., ἀλλὰ τὸν τόπον μόνον μετήλλαξεν Aeschin.3.78
; τρόπου προπέτεια, ἀναίδεια, D.21.38, 45.71;ἀφιλάργυρος ὁ τ. Ep.Hebr.13.5
:—οὐ τοὐμοῦ τ. Ar.V. 1002
; σφόδρ' ἐκ τοῦ σοῦ τ. quite of your sort, Id.Th.93; ξυγγενεῖς τοὐμοῦ τ. ib. 574:— πρὸς τρόπου τινός agreeable to one's temper, Pl.Phdr. 252d, cf. Lg. 655d;πρὸς τοῦ Κύρου τρόπου X.An.1.2.11
:—opp.ἀπὸ τρόπου Pl.Phdr. 278d
, R. 470c:—after Adjs.,διάφοροι ὄντες τὸν τ. Th.8.96
;σολοικότερος τῷ τ. X.Cyr.8.3.21
:—esp. in pl., Pi.P.10.38, S.El. 397, 1051; σκληρός, ἀμνοὶ τοὺς τρόπους, Ar. Pax 350, 935;σφόδρα τοὺς τ. Βοιώτιος Eub.39
;πουλύπους ἐς τοὺς τ. Eup.101
;μεθάρμοσαι τ. νέους A.Pr. 311
;τοὺς φιλάνορας τ. Id.Ag. 856
;νέας βουλὰς νέοισιν ἐγκαταζεύξας τ. S.Aj. 736
;τοῖς τρόποις ὑπηρετεῖν Ar.Ra. 1432
; opp. νόμοι, Th.2.39;ἤθη τε καὶ τ. Pl.Lg. 924d
.IV in Music, like ἁρμονία, a particular mode,Αύδιος τ. Pi.O.14.17
; but more generally, style, νεοσίγαλος τ. ib.3.4;ὁ ἀρχαῖος τ. Eup.303
; ᾠδῆς τρόπος, μουσικῆς τρόποι, Pl.R. 398c, 424c; διθυραμβικοὶ τ. (distd. fr. ἦθος) Phld.Mus.p.9K.;ὁ ἁρμονικὸς τῆς μουσικῆς τ. Aristid.Quint.1.12
, cf. 2.1; of art in general,πάντες τῆς εἰκαστικῆς τ. Phld.Po.5.7
.V in speaking or writing, manner, style,ὁ τ. τῆς λέξεως Pl.R. 400d
, cf. Isoc.15.45: esp. in Rhet. in pl., tropes, Trypho Trop.tit., Cic.Brut.17.69, Quint.Inst.8.6.1.VI in Logic, mode or mood of a syllogism, Stoic.3.269, cf. 1.108, 2.83: more generally, method of instruction or explanation,ὁ ἄνευ φθόγγων τ. Epicur.Ep.1p.32U.
; ὁ μοναχῇ τ. the method of the single cause, opp. ὁ πλεοναχὸς τ. the method of manifold causes, Id.Ep.2p.41U.; mode of inference, ὁ κατὰ τὴν ὁμοιότητα τ., opp. ὁ κατ' ἀνασκευὴν τ. τῆς σημειώσεως, Phld.Sign.30,31;αἰτιολογικὸς τ. Epicur.Nat. 143
G. -
3 εἷς
εἷς, μίᾰ, ἕν ( μίη only in late [dialect] Ion. Prose): gen. ἑνός, μιᾶς, ἑνός:—[dialect] Ep. [full] ἕεις Hes.Th. 145, AP7.341 (Procl.), cj.in Il.5.603:—[dialect] Dor. [full] ἧς Rhinth. 12, Tab.Heracl.1.136:—[dialect] Ep., [dialect] Aeol., and [dialect] Ion. fem.Aἴᾰ Il.13.354
, prob. in Hp.Morb.4.37; acc.ἴαν Alc.33.6
(prob.), Sapph.69.1 (cf. μηδεΐα), Corinn.Supp.2.56, IG9(2).517.22(Thess.); gen.ἰῆς Il.16.173
,24.496; dat.ἰῇ 9.319
, 11.174, etc.: neut. dat. ([etym.] ἰῷ κίον ἤματι) 6.422. (In Com. οὐδὲ (μηδὲ) εἷς, οὐδὲ (μηδὲ) ἕν, occur, mostly at the end of an iambic trimeter, without elision, Cratin.302,Ar.Ra. 927, Pl.37, 138,al.) (Orig. [full] ἕνς, assim. ἔν ([etym.] δ) prob. in Leg.Gort.9.50, from Εμς, I.-Eur. sem-(cf. ὁμός); μία from sm-ία; ἴα is not related to μία, but prob. to pronom. stem i-(Lat.is), cf.ἰός.)1 as a Numeral, εἷς κοίρανος ἔστω Il.2.204, etc.; strengthd., εἷς οἶος, μία οἴη, a singleA one, one alone, 4.397, Od.7.65;μία μούνη 23.227
;εἷς μοῦνος Hdt.1.119
, Ar.Pl. 1053, etc.;εἷς καὶ μόνος D.H.1.74
; , E.Ph. 894, etc.; opp.πολύς, μία τὰς πολλὰς ψυχὰς ὀλέσασα A.Ag. 1456
, cf. 1465, Ch. 299, etc.b emphatically with a [comp] Sup.,εἷς οἰωνὸς ἄριστος Il.12.243
, etc.: freq. in Trag.,εἷς ἀνὴρ πλεῖστον..πόνον παρασχών A.Pers. 327
;πλείστας ἀνὴρ εἷς.. ἔγημε S.Tr. 460
;κάλλιστ' ἀνὴρ εἷς Id.OT 1380
;ἕνακριθέντ' ἄριστον Id.Ph. 1344
; also in Prose,ἐπὶ πλεῖστον δὴ χλιδῆς εἷς ἀνὴρ ἀπίκετο Hdt.6.127
, cf. Th.8.68; ; : without a [comp] Sup., .c in oppos., made emphatic by the Art., ὁ εἷς, ἡ μία, Il.20.272, Od.20.110, Pl.Cri. 48a;τοῦ ἑνὸς οἱ δύο ἀγαθοὶ βελτίους Arist.Pol. 1287b13
, cf. Theoc.6.22.d with a neg., εἷς οὐδείς no single man, Hdt.1.32;ἓν οὐδὲ ἓν ἴαμα Th.2.51
; οὐκ ἐν ἄλλῳ ἑνί γε χωρίῳ in no other single country, Id.1.80; οὐχ εἷς, i.e. more than one, A.Th. 103, E.Andr.96; εἷς οὐ.., εἷς μή.., emphatic for οὐδείς, μηδείς, Ar.Th. 549, X.An.5.6.12; more emphatic, οὐδὲ εἷς, μηδὲ εἷς, v. οὐδείς, μηδείς.e εἷς ἕκαστος each one, each by himself, Hdt. 1.123, Pl.Prt. 332c, etc.; αἴσθησις μία ἑνός (sc. γένους) one of each, Arist.Metaph. 1003b19: pl.,ἑκάτεροι ἕνες POxy.276.8
(i A.D.).f with κατά, καθ' ἓν ἕκαστον each singly, piece by piece, Hdt.1.9, etc.; καθ' ἕν one by one, Pl.Sph. 217a, etc.; καθ' ἕν, τό, list, PEleph.20.7 (iii B.C.), etc.; καθ' ἕν' ἡμῶν ἕκαστον ἀποστερεῖν to deprive each of us singly, D.21.142, cf. Men.Epit. 164, 186; εἷς κατὰ εἷς one by one, Ev.Marc.14.19; but καθ' ἓν γίγνεσθαι, εἶναι, to be united, Th.8.46, X. HG5.2.16.g with other Preps., above all,Pl.
R. 331b, Phlb. 63c; but alternately,PStrassb.
25.13, etc.; one by one, separately,Hdt.
4.67; ;ἓν ἐφ' ἑνί Id.Sph. 229b
, Lg. 758b: ἓν πρὸς ἕν, with or without συμβάλλειν, in comparisons, Hdt.4.50, Pl.Lg. 647b;πρὸς ἕν' εἷς D.21.131
: alternately,Luc.
Salt.12;εἰς ἓν συναγαγεῖν E.Or. 1640
;ἰσχὺς τοσαύτη εἰς ἓν ξυστᾶσα Th.6.85
;εἰς ἓν μοίρας συνέκυρσας E.Andr. 1172
;ἐς μίαν βουλεύειν Il.2.379
; in full,ἐς μίαν βουλήν Th.5.111
;εἰς μίαν νοεῖν Ael.NA5.9
;ἓν ἐξ ἑνὸς ἐπισεσώρευκεν Arr.Epict.1.10.5
, cf. Luc.Asin.54; ἀπὸ μιᾶς with one accord, Ev.Luc.14.18; at once,S.E.
M.10.124; alsoὑφ' ἓν θέσθαι τὸ ὂν τῷ μὴ ὄντι Plot.6.2.1
; cf. ὑφέν.h in compd. numerals, as an ordinal, τῷ ἑνὶ καὶ τριηκοστῷ [ἔτει] Hdt.5.89, cf.Th.8.109, etc.; so in [dialect] Att. Inscrr., IG2.660.30, al,: later εἷς alone,=first, LXXGe.1.5; μιᾷ τοῦ μηνός ib.8.13.2 one, i.e. the same,τώ μοι μία γείνατο μήτηρ Il. 3.238
, etc.; εἷς καὶ ὁ αὐτός one and the same,ἓν καὶ ταὐτὸν ἀριθμῷ Arist.Metaph. 1039a28
, etc.;ὑπὸ μίαν καὶ τὰν αὐτὰν ἀρχάν Perict.
ap. Stob.3.1.121;ταὐτὸν καὶ ἕν Arist.Ph. 201b3
; soἓν καὶ ὅμοιον Pl.Phdr. 271a
;εἷς καὶ κοινός Plu.2.699f
: c. dat.,ἐμοὶ μιᾶς ἐγένετ' ἐκ ματρός E. Ph. 156
;ἐκ μιᾶς οἰνοχόης Ἐπικούρῳ πεπωκότες Plu.2.1089a
.b possessing unity,ἧττον μία ἡ μίμησις ἡ τῶν ἐποποιῶν Arist.Po. 1462b3
;λίαν ἓν ποιεῖν τὴν πόλιν Id.Pol. 1263b7
;τὰ κυρίως ἕνα Dam.Pr. 437
.3 one, opp. another,ἓν μὲν..ἓν δὲ.. Arist.EN 1139a6
, Pol. 1285b38, etc.;ὁ μὲν..εἷς δὲ..εἷς δ' αὖ.. Od.3.421
sq., cf. Pl.R. 369d;εἷς μὲν..ἕτερος δὲ.. X.HG1.7.23
.4 indefinitely, εἷς τις some one, S.OT 118, Pl.Grg. 471e, etc.;ἐξ ἑνός γέ του τρόπου Th.6.34
; rarely , Pl.Prm. 145d; εἷς γάρ τις ἦν ἕκαστος οὑξειργασμένος each single one was suspected, S.Ant. 262;εἷς ὁστισοῦν Arist.Pol. 1325b28
; εἷς ὁ πρῶτος, Germ. der erste beste, Is.8.33, D.1.9, cf. Luc. Herm.61: alone, like our indef. Art., a, an,Κάδμου θυγατέρων μιᾷ E.Ba. 917
; εἷς κάπηλος, στρατηγός, Ar.Av. 1292, Th.4.50;εἷς Ἀθηναίων D.21.87
, cf. LXXGe.21.15, Ev.Matt.21.19, etc.; εἷς ἀπό.. LXX Le.6.3(22).5 many,A.
Th. 103, Call.Dian.33; οὐχ εἷς οὐδὲ δύο not one or two only, D.29.12; οὐ μίαν οὐδὲ δύο not once nor twice, LXX 4 Ki.6.10;ἓν ἢ καὶ δύο ληφθὲν μαρτύριον Plb.2.38.10
;εἷς ἢ δεύτερος Jul.Or.6.190d
: prov., εἷς ἀνὴρ οὐδεὶς ἀνήρ one man's no man, D.Chr.48.10.6 Math., τὸ ἕν unity, opp.πλῆθος, Pythag.Fr.5, etc.: pl., units,Arist.
Metaph. 1056b21;ὁ ἀριθμός ἐστιν ἕνα πλείω Id.Ph. 207b7
;τῶν προτέρων ἑνῶν Dam.Pr. 460
.7 Philos., ἕν, τό, unity, the One,ἐκ πάντων ἓν καὶ ἐξ ἑνὸς πάντα Heraclit.10
, cf.Emp.17.1, etc.: later indecl.,ἓν εἶναι τοῦ ἓν παρουσίᾳ Plot.6.6.14
, cf.5.5.5. -
4 οὔτε
A and not, Il.22.265 (v.l.), Hdt.3.155 (v.l.); οὔτε γὰρ ἐκείνους διδόναι, Lat. neque enim, Id.1.3 (prob. f.l. for οὐδὲ); and occasionally in later writers, Arist.Ph. 208a8, Luc.Par.27,53, etc.II mostly repeated, οὔτε.., οὔτε .. neither.., nor.., Lat. neque.., neque.., Hom., etc.—Hom. freq. joins another Particle with the first or second οὔτε, as οὔτ' ἂρ.., οὔτε.. ; οὔτ' ἂρ.., οὔτ' ἂρ.. ; οὔτ' ἄρ τε.., οὔτ' ἄρα .. Il.5.89; οὔτ' οὖν, v. οὖν 1; οὔτε.. οὖν.., οὔτ' ἄρα .. 20.7; οὔτ' ἄρ.., οὔτε τι .., or οὔτε τι.., οὔτε .., 1.115, Od.1.202; so too οὔτε.., οὔτε μὴν .. X.Cyr.4.3.12; οὔτε.., οὔτ' αὖ .., v. infr. 3.2 freq. used to divide up a general negation into two or more parts,ὡς δ' ἐν ὀνείρῳ οὐ δύναται φεύγοντα διώκειν, οὔτ' ἂρ ὁ τὸν δύναται ὑποφεύγειν οὔθ' ὁ διώκειν Il.22.200
; thrice repeated,οὔ μοι Τρώων.. μέλει ἄλγος.., οὔτ' αὐτῆς Ἑκάβης οὔτε Πριάμοιο ἄνακτος οὔτε κασιγνήτων 6.450
;οὐκ ἔπειθεν οὔτε τοὺς στρατηγοὺς οὔτε τοὺς στρατιώτας Th.4.4
: without a neg. preceding, Il.1.490, 2.202, etc.3 within one of the two clauses distd. by οὔτε a subordinate part may be introduced by οὐδέ, οὔτε γὰρ ἐκ σκίλλης ῥόδα φύεται οὐδ' ὑάκινθος ( οὐθ' codd.), ;οὔτε.. ἀπέφηνεν οὐδὲ παρέσχηται μάρτυρας, οὔτ' αὖ τὸν ἀριθμὸν.. ἐπανέφερεν D.27.49
: sts. after several clauses distd. by οὔτε the last is introduced emphat. by οὐδέ, οὔτε φάρμακα οὔτε καύσεις οὔτε τομαὶ οὐδ' αὖ ἐπῳδαί nor yet incantations, Pl. R. 426b, cf. 499b (so μηδέ after clauses withμήτε, μήτε παιδεία μήτε δικαστήρια μήτε νόμοι μηδὲ ἀνάγκη μηδεμία Id.Prt. 327d
); so οὐδέ ([etym.] μηδέ) may sts. follow a single οὔτε (μήτε), οὐδέ ποτέ σφιν οὔτε τι πημανθῆναι ἔπι δέος, οὐδ' ἀπολέσθαι neither to suffer misery, nor yet to die, v. l. in Od.8.563, cf. Pi.P.8.83, I.2.44, S.OC 1139, 1141 (s.v.l.), 1297 (cj.), Pl. Ap. 19d: in many of these places, however, the readings vary, and editors have altered οὐδέ into οὔτε; but this cannot be done in some cases, asοὔτ' ἂν ὑπό γε ἑνὸς.. πάθοι, ἴσως δ' οὐδὲ ὑπὸ πλεόνων Id.La. 182b
: so when οὔτε is folld. by οὐδὲ μέν, Od.13.207; by οὐδὲ μήν, X. Cyr.4.5.27; οὐδ' αὖ, v. supr.—But οὔτε ([etym.] μήτε ) cannot be used simply answering to οὐδέ ([etym.] μηδέ), v. μηδέ A. 2.4 οὔτε may be folld. by a Posit. clause with τε, οὔτ' αὐτὸς κτενέει, ἀπό τ' ἄλλους πάντας ἐρύξει he both will not kill and will defend, Il.24.156, cf. A.Pr. 246, 262, Hdt.5.49, X.An.7.7.48, etc.: sts. the neg. is added after the τε, οὔτ' ὦν.. καρπὸν ἔδωκαν ἄρουραι, δένδρεά τ' οὐκ ἐθέλει.. φέρειν Pi.N.11.40
, cf. S. Ant. 763, E.Hipp. 302;κυάμους δὲ οὔτε τι μάλα σπείρουσι, τούς τε γενομένους οὔτε τρώγουσι οὔτε ἕψοντες πατέονται Hdt.2.37
: the combination οὔτε.., καί .. is dub. in E.IT 591, but is found in later writers, as Luc.DMeretr.2.4, Chor.in Rev.Phil.1877.218.5 οὔτε is freq., by anacoluthon, folld. not by a second οὔτε, but by some other Particle, as by οὐδέ, v. supr. 3; by δέ alone, Il.24.368, Hdt.1.108, Pl.R. 388e, X.An.6.3.16.b in Poets, οὐ sts. follows without any conjunctive Particle,οὐκ ἦν ἀλέξημ' οὐδὲν οὔτε βρώσιμον, οὐ χριστόν, οὔτε πιστόν A.Pr. 479
; οὔτε πλινθυφεῖς δόμους.. ᾖσαν, οὐ ξυλουργίαν ib. 450, cf. Theoc.15.139 sq.;οὔτε βλάστας.. πατρός, οὐ μητρὸς εἶχον S.OC 972
, cf. Ant. 249, E.Or.41: so also in the Prose of Hdt., ἐς ποταμὸν οὔτε ἐνουρέουσι οὔτε ἐμπτύουσι, οὐ χεῖρας ἐναπονίζονται, οὐδέ .. 1.138.c in Poets also οὔτε is sts. replaced byοὐ, οὐ νιφετὸς οὔτ' ἂρ χειμὼν πολὺς οὔτε ποτ' ὄμβρος Od.4.566
; (dub. l.), cf. Il.1.115, Od.9.136, A.Pers. 588 (lyr., s. v.l.), etc.d the former οὔτε is sts. omitted,ναυσὶ δ' οὔτε πεζὸς ἰών Pi.P.10.29
; νόσοι δ' οὔτε γῆρας ib.41; , cf. Ch. 294; and v. μήτε 2. -
5 οὐδέ
A CONJUNCTION, but not, mostly answering to μέν (sts. written divisim), Il.5.138, 24.418; without μέν, 5.21, etc.: sts. the first οὐδέ, but not, is folld. by οὐδέ, nor,ἄλλοις μὲν πᾶσιν ἑήνδανεν, οὐδέ ποθ' Ἥρῃ, οὐδὲ Ποσειδάων', οὐδὲ γλαυκώπιδι κούρῃ 24.25
.II more freq. and not, nor: sts. without a neg. preceding,Κίρκη δ' ὡς ἐνόησεν ἔμ' ἥμενον, οὐδ' ἐπὶ σίτῳ χεῖρας ἰάλλοντα Od.10.375
; , cf. 102, 259,al.;δεινὸν γάρ, οὐδὲ ῥητόν S.Ph. 756
, cf. 996, OT 398, 868(lyr.), Hdt.1.97, etc.: after a neg. compd.,ὃν ἠτίμησ' Ἀγαμέμνων, οὐδ' ἀπέλυσε θύγατρα Il.1.95
; ;ἄστιπτος οὐδ' οἰκουμένη S.Ph.2
;ἄθικτος οὐδ' οἰκητός Id.OC39
.2 with a neg. preceding, nor,βρώμης δ' οὐχ ἅπτεαι οὐ. ποτῆτος Od.10.379
;οὐκέτισοὶ.. μένος ἔμπεδον οὐ. τις ἀλκή 22.226
;οὐκ ἔχων βάσιν οὐ. τιν' ἐγχώρων S.Ph. 692
(lyr.), cf. 681 (lyr.), 905, 955, X.Oec.20.2, etc.: sts. the preceding neg. is itself οὐδέ, = and not, as in Od.22.222; οὐδέ, = nor may be repeated any number of times, e.g. three times in S.OT 1378.—Sts. the neg. follows the whole word-group instead of preceding it, σιδήρῳ δὲ οὐδ' ἀργύρῳ χρέωνται οὐδέν but iron or silver use they not at all, Hdt. 1.215; ;ἁπλοῦν μὲν οὐ. δίκαιον οὐδὲν ἂν εἰπεῖν ἔχοι D.22.4
: but οὐδὲ.. οὐδέ never means neither.. nor (like οὔτε.. οὔτε); where this combination occurs, the first οὐδέ is used without reference to the second, e.g. καὶ μὴν οὐδ' ἡ ἐπιτείχισις οὐδὲ τὸ ναυτικὸν ἄξιον φοβηθῆναι and moreover we have no reason to fear their fortifications, nor yet their navy, Th.1.142.III οὐδέ may also follow οὔτε, by an anacoluth., as in τε.., δέ .. (v.οὔτε 11.3
); but οὔτε cannot follow οὐδέ.—Cf.μηδέ A. 2
.B ADVERB, not even, in Hom. mostly with Advbs., οὐδ' ῃβαιόν not even a little, no not a bit, not at all, Il.2.386;οὐ. τυτθόν 1.354
;οὐ. μίνυνθα 20.27
; so also ἐπεὶ οὔ οἱ ἔνι φρένες οὐδ' ἠβαιαί he has no sense, no not even a little, 14.141, cf. Od.21.288;τότε μὲν εὖ ζῶντες, νῦν δὲ οὐ. ζῶντες Pl.R. 329a
: freq. in [dialect] Att., τούτῳ μὲν οὐ. διελέγετο he did not even exchange words with him, Lys.3.31, cf. Ar.Nu. 425;οὐδ', εἰ γέγονεν, οἶδα D.18.70
, etc.: in the same sense,οὐ. γ' Pl.Phd. 97a
, 97b, 106b;οὐ. γ' αὖ Id.R. 499a
;οὐ. μήν X.Cyr.3.3.50
, etc.; [dialect] Ep.οὐ. μέν Il.9.374
, etc.: in [dialect] Att. freq. with εἷς (whence οὐδείς), οὐδ' ἂν εἷς θύσειεν Ar.Pl. 137
: sts. without elision, οὐδὲ εἷς ib. 1182, Herod.1.45;οὐκ ἄλλ' οὐ. ἕν Ar.Pl. 138
, cf. Ra. 927; alsoοὐ. καθ' ἕν Th.2.87
;οὐ. παρ' ἑνός X.Cyr.2.3.10
, etc.—This οὐδέ freq. follows καί, and not even, καὶ οὐδ' αὐτοὶ αὖ μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ .. Th.7.56, cf. X.An.3.2.4, etc.; also ἀλλ' οὐδέ, most freq. in phrase ἀλλ' οὐδ' ὧς .. Il.7.263,9.351, etc.II also not, not.. either, nor yet.., ὁ δίκαιος τοῦ δικαίου δοκεῖ τί σοι ἂν ἐθέλειν πλέον ἔχειν; Answ. οὐδαμῶς .. ; Qu. τί δέ; τῆς δικαίας πράξεως; Answ.οὐ. τῆς δικαίας Pl.R. 349b
, cf. Ap. 19d, 21d, X.Mem.3.11.4.I in Relat. as well as antec. clause,ὥσπερ οὐδ' ηὔχετο, οὐδ' ᾤετο Pl.Alc.2.141a
, cf. X.Cyr.1.6.18.II οὐ γὰρ οὐδέ, asἀλλ' οὐ γὰρ οὐ. νουθετεῖν ἔξεστί σε S.El. 595
, cf. Aj. 1242, OT 287, etc.; οὐ. γὰρ οὐ. Il.5.22, 6.130, Od.8.32, Hdt.4.16, etc.; οὐ. μὲν οὐ. Il.2.703, etc.; οὐ μὰν οὐ. 23.441, etc.; cf. οὐ c. -
6 οἷος
A such as, of what sort, relat. and indirect interrog. Pron., correl. to direct interrog. ποῖος, indef. ποιός, demonstr. τοῖος :ὅσσος ἔην οἷός τε Il.24.630
;ὁσσάτιόν τε καὶ οἷον 5.758
: c. acc., οἶδ' ἀρετὴν οἷός ἐσσι what a man for valour, 13.275 : freq. to be rendered by an Adv., οἷος πόλεμόνδε μέτεισι as he rushes into war, ib. 298, etc.:—Usage:I οἷος in an independent sentence as an exclam. of astonishment,ὢ πόποι.., οἷον ἔειπες Il.7.455
; οἷ. τὸ πῦρ what a fire is this ! A.Ag. 1256, cf. Pers. 733, al. ;οἷ. εἰργάσασθε Pl.R. 450a
;οἷ. ἄνδρα λέγεις ἐν κινδύνῳ εἶναι Id.Tht. 142b
;οἷα ποιεῖς Id.Euthphr. 15e
, etc.: so in neut. as Adv., v. infr. v. 1.2 in indirect sentences, S.OT 624, 1402, 1488, etc. ;ὁρᾶτε δὴ ἐν οἵῳ ἐστέ X.Cyr.3.2.12
;ὁρῶν ἐν οἵοις ἐσμέν Id.An.3.1.15
.II more freq. as relat. to a demonstr. τοῖος, τοιόσδε, τοιοῦτος, or to ὁ, ὅδε, asτῷ ἴκελον, οἷόν ποτε Δαίδαλος ἤσκησεν Il.18.591
;θέαμα τοιοῦτον οἷ. καὶ στυγοῦντ' ἐποικτίσαι S.OT 1296
: but the demonstr. Pron. is freq. omitted,οὐ γὰρ ἐμὴ ἲς ἔσθ' οἵη πάρος ἔσκεν Il.11.669
, etc. ; οἷ. καὶ Πάρις.. ᾔσχυνε like as Paris also.., A.Ag. 399 (lyr.), cf. Pers.21, al.: with δή added, τοιόνδ', οἷ. δὴ σύ such as you surely are, Il.24.376, v. infr. v. 2 : with περ added,οἵη περ φύλλων γενεή, τοίη δὲ καὶ ἀνδρῶν
just such as..,6.146
, cf. A.Ag. 607, 1046, X.Cyr.1.6.19 : very freq. with τε added (this οἷός τε must be distd. from οἷός τε c. inf., v. infr. 111.2),οἷός τε πελώριος ἔρχεται Ἄρης Il.7.208
, cf. 17.157, Od.7.106, etc. ;οἷός που 20.35
: οἷός τις, οἷόν τι generalizes a Comparison, the sort of person who.., thing which.., Il.5.638, Od.9.348 ; οἶσθα εἰς οἷόν τινα κίνδυνον ἔρχει.. ; Pl.Prt. 313a ; with attraction of οἷος to the case of its antecedent (which may follow instead of preceding),οἵοις περ σὺ χρώμενοι συμβούλοις D.24.185
; and with further attraction of the subject of the relat. clause, οὐ γάρ πω τοίους ἴδον ἀνέρας.., οἷον Πειρίθοον (for οἷος Πειρίθοος) Il.1.263 ;πρὸς ἄνδρας τολμηρούς, οἵους καὶ Ἀθηναίους Th.7.21
, cf. X.Mem.2.9.3 ;περὶ τοῦ τοιούτου.., οἵου τοῦ ἑνός Pl.Prm. 161b
.2 οἷος, οἵα, οἷον freq. introduce an 'indirect exclamation', giving the reason for what precedes, ἄνακτα χόλος λάβεν, οἷον ἄκουσε because of what he heard, Il.6.166, cf. Od.17.479 ; ἐμακάριζοντὴν μητέρα οἵων τέκνων ἐκύρησε Hdt.1.31
; ;τὴν ἐμαυτοῦ τύχην [ἀπέκλαον], οἵου ἀνδρὸς.. ἐστερημένος εἴην Pl.Phd. 117c
, cf. S.OT 701.3 sts. in Hom. οἷος introduces the reason for saying what is said,ὠκύμορος.. ἔσσεαι, οἷ' ἀγορεύεις Il.18.95
, cf. Od.4.611 ;αἲ γάρ με θυμὸς ἀνείη ὤμ' ἀποταμνόμενον κρέα ἔδμεναι, οἷα ἔοργας Il.22.347
.4 οἷα δὴ εἴπας saying so and so, Hdt.1.86 (cf.ὅσος 111.2
): later with other Particles, v. infr. VI.5 οὐδὲν οἷον.. there's nothing like.., ἀλλ' οὐδὲν οἷ. ἐστ' ἀκοῦσαι τῶν ἐπῶν there's nothing like hearing the verses, Ar.Av. 966, cf. Lys. 135 ;οὐδὲν γὰρ οἷ. ἀκούειν αὐτοῦ τοῦ νόμου D.21.46
, cf. Pl.Grg. 447c, 481b, X.Oec.3.14.6 never used like Adv. οἷον (infr. V. I) with an Adj. = how, for in Il.11.653, οἶσθα.. οἷ. ἐκεῖνος δεινὸς ἀνήρ = what manner of man, namely dread, cf. 15.94, 21.108, Od.19.493, etc.7 as indef., a sort or kind of.., ὁ δ' ἕτερος οἷός ἐστιν οἰκουρὸς μόνον only a kind of watch-dog, Ar.V. 970 ; so with Adj., ἀφόρητος οἷος.. κρυμός of an intolerable kind, Hdt.4.28 ; θαυμαστὸς οἷος of a wonderful nature, Luc.Zeux.6 ; οἷος ἔμπειρος πολέμου rather skilled in war, D.2.18 ; οἷον τετανότριχα rather straight-haired, Pl.Euthphr.2b ; freq. with [comp] Sup., χωρίον οἷον χαλεπώτατον country of a very difficult kind, X.An.4.8.2, cf. Ar.Eq. 978, Ach. 384, Pl.Ap. 23a ;ἀνὴρ οἷος κράτιστος Arist.EN 1165b27
;κόλπος οἷος βαθύτατος Ael.NA14.26
: in some of these passages with [comp] Sup. it is possible to take οἷος as relat., supplying δυνατόν, cf.ξύμμαχος ἔσομαι οἷος ἂν δύνωμαι ἄριστος IG12.39.28
.III οἷος c. inf. implies fitness or ability for a thing, οὐ γὰρ ἦν ὥρα οἵα τὸ πεδίον ἄρδειν fit for watering, X.An.2.3.13, cf. Pl.Grg. 487d ; οἷοι φιλεῖν, μισεῖν, etc., D.25.2, etc.: freq. with τοιοῦτος expressed,τοιοῦτός τις οἷ. διαπονεῖσθαι Pl. Cra. 395a
, cf. R. 415e ; τὸ πρᾶγμα μέγα.. καὶ μὴ οἷ. νεωτέρῳ βουλεύσασθαι not proper for a young man to advise upon, Th.6.12 : without inf.,λόγους οἵους εἰς τὰ δικαστήρια Pl.Euthd. 272a
.b οἷός εἰμι I intend,ἐβιάζετο.. καὶ οἷος ἦν ἐξευρεῖν τὴν θύραν Lys.Fr. 159
S., cf. D. 4.9, al., Is.8.21 ; οἷος ἦν κατεσθίειν was on the point of eating, Antig. Car. ap. Ath.7.345d.2 more freq. οἷός τε c. inf., fit or able to do,λιποίμην οἷός τ'.. ἀέθλια κάλ' ἀνελέσθαι Od.21.117
(preceded by τοῖον ib. 173), Hdt.1.29, 67,91 ;λέγειν οἷός τε κἀγώ Ar.Eq. 343
, cf. Th.3.16, Isoc.8.69, etc. ; inclined to.., Plb.3.90.5, J.AJ4.6.3 : most freq. in neut. sg. and pl., οἷόν τε [ἐστί] it is possible to.., Th.1.80, etc. ;οἷά τε [ἐστί] Hdt.1.194
, etc. ; a dat. is sts. added,μὴ οἷόν τε εἶναι ἐμοὶ κωλῦσαι Th.7.14
.3 without inf., : but mostly in neut., οἷόν τε [ἐστίν] it is possible, Isoc.9.9 ;οὐχ οἷόν τε ἐστίν Ar.Nu. 198
, etc.: with [comp] Sup.,καλὸν ὡς οἷόν τε μάλιστα Pl.Prt. 349e
;ὡς οἷόν τε σμικρότατα Id.Prm. 144b
;ὡς οἷόν τε διὰ βραχυτάτων Id.Grg. 449d
: without [comp] Sup.,φρίττειν.. ποιεῖ ὡς οἷόν τε πάντας Id.R. 387c
(dub. l.) ; ὡς οἷόν τε sts. so far as possible, of what cannot be done completely, D.8.75, Arist. Pol. 1313a39, Luc.Im.3.IV sts. twice in the same clause, οἷ' ἔργα δράσας οἷα λαγχάνει κακά after what deeds what sufferings are his ! S.El. 751 ; ἱερῶν οἵαν οἵων χάριν ἠνύσω what thanks for what offerings ! Id.Tr. 994, cf. 1045, E.Alc. 144 : so in Prose, X.Cyr.4.5.29, Pl.Smp. 195a.V as Adv. in neut. sg. οἷον, in Poets and [dialect] Ion. Prose also pl. οἷα, how, , cf. Il.5.601, 13.633, 15.287 : also with Adjs., οἷον ἐερσήεις how fresh, 24.419 ; οἷον δὴ Μενέλαον ὑπέτρεσας seeing how thou didst shrink from M., Il.17.587, cf. 21.57. (Regul. Adv. οἵως is rare, as in Hp. Epid.6.7.2, f.l. in Ar.V. 1363 ; οἷος ὢν οἵ. ἔχεις in what a state art thou for such a man! S.Aj. 923 ;οἵως τέ σφ' ἐσάωσα A.R.4.786
.)2 as, just as,οἷον ὅτε.. Il.14.295
: also neut. pl.οἷα, οἷά τις.. ἀηδών A.Ag. 1142
(lyr.), cf. S.Tr. 105 (lyr.), etc.: so οἷά τε in Hom.,οἷά τε ληϊστῆρες Od.3.73
, cf.9.128, Hdt.2.175 : strengthd. by Particles,οἷα δή Th.8.84
, Pl.Smp. 219e, R. 467b ;οἷα δή που Ael.NA1.14
: later a double form occurs,οἷον ὡς.. Demetr.Eloc.94
, Sch.D.T.p.113 H. ;οἷον ὥσπερ.. Phryn.PS p.80
B., dub. in Plu.2.563f.b as for instance, Pl.Sph. 218e, Arist.GC 333a11, etc.; οἷον τί λέγεις ; as for example, what do you mean ? Pl.Tht. 207a, cf. Od.4.271, where οἷον is Adj.c in numerical estimates, about,οἷον δέκα σταδίους Th.4.90
;μῆκος οἷον ἐπὶ δέκα δακτύλους IG22.1457.17
.d οἷον parenthetically prefixed to any word or phrase, as it were, so to speak,οἷον υἱεῖς γνησίους Pl.Phdr. 278a
, cf. Cra. 396a, Arist.HA 532a6, GA 753a33 ;τῶν οἷον προγυμναζομένων M.Ant.6.20
;τοῦ οἷον δόγματος D.L.9.69
; τὴν.. οἷον φάτταν the ring-dove of my parable, Pl.Tht. 199b.e οἷον explanatory, that is to say, τὸ νῦν ῥηθησόμενον, οἷον.. what I am about to mention, viz., Arist.PA 639b6, cf. GC 333a11, al. ; κατὰ τὸ μέσον, οἷον κατὰ τὴν συμβολὴν τῶν ἐν αὐτοῖς διαγωνίων in the middle, i. e. at the intersection of their diagonals, Procl.Hyp.3.16, cf. 22, Hsch. s.v. οἰοφάγῳ, al.4 οὐχ οἷον or μὴ οἷον, folld. by ἀλλ' οὐδέ or ἀλλὰ μηδέ, not only not.., but not even.., Plb. 1.20.12, D.S.3.18, Phld.Rh.2.249 S., etc.VI strengthd. with various Particles, οἷος δή, v. supr. 11.4: [full] οἱοσδήποτε, οἱαδήποτε, οἱονδήποτε, of such and such a kind, Arist.EN 1114b17 ; [full] οἱοσδηποτοῦν, of whatever kind, Hero *Geom.12.30, al., BGU895.28 (ii A. D.), Paul.Aeg. 6.88 ; [full] οἱοσδήπως, OGI521.4 (Abydos, v/vi A. D.) ; [full] οἱοσδητισοῦν, ib.515.16 (Mylasa, iii A. D.) ; [full] οἱοσοῦν, Just.Nov.30.7.1 ; [full] οἱοσποτοῦν, Arist.Top. 146b26 ; [full] οἱοστισοῦν, v. l. in Dsc.2.76.13. [[pron. full] οῐ is found in Il.13.275, Od.7.312 ; and sts. in Trag., as A.Ag. 1256, esp. in the form , OC 262, 803, al.] -
7 τε
τε, enclitic Particle, with two main uses (v. infr. A, B).A as a Conjunction,I τε.. τε, both.. and, joining single words, phrases, clauses, or sentences, the first τε merely pointing forward to the second,ἀνδρῶν τε θεῶν τε Il.1.544
;ἀγαθῶν τε κακῶν τε Hes.Op. 669
;δίψῃ τε λιμῷ τε A.Pers. 491
, cf. S.Aj.34,35, Ar.Ach. 370, 375;τήν τε νῆσον τήν τε ἤπειρον Th.4.8
, cf. Antipho 2.3.3, Pl. R. 373b;λυσόμενός τε θύγατρα, φέρων τ' ἀπερείσι' ἄποινα Il.1.13
; παῖδά τε σοὶ ἀγέμεν Φοίβῳ θ' ἱερὴν ἑκατόμβην ῥέξαι ib. 443; the elements joined by τε.. τε are usu. short in Hom., longer in later Gr., e.g.ἐπειδὴ πρόξενοί τέ εἰσιν Ἀθηναίων καὶ εὐεργέται.., ἔν τε τῇ στήλῃ γέγραπται IG12.103.7
;ἥ τε γὰρ γῆ.. εὔυδρός ἐστι, ποταμοί τε δι' αὐτῆς ῥέουσι Hdt.4.47
; χρὴ.. τούς τε πρεσβυτέρους ὁμοιωθῆναι τοῖς πρὶν ἔργοις, τούς τε νεωτέρους.. μὴ αἰσχῦναι κτλ. Th.4.92, cf. Pl.R. 474c, X.Cyr.1.4.25, Is.1.50; τά τε γὰρ ληφθέντα πάντ' ἂν σῴζοιτο οἵ τ' ἀδικήσαντες κατ' ἀξίαν λάβοιεν τὰ ἐπιτίμια Aen. Tact.16.8, cf. Gp.2.49.1, 12.3.2-3;τούτου γὰρ γενομένου.. τά τε ἐχφόρια Χρυσέρμῳ δυνήσομαι ἀποδοῦναι, ἐγώ τε ἔσομαι παρὰ σοῦ φιλανθρωπίας τετευχώς PEnteux.60.11
(iii B.C.);κλείειν τε τὰ βλέφαρα δεομένων ἐλπιζόντων τε κοιμηθήσεσθαι Gal.16.494
, cf. 495,501; this use is common at all times in οὔτε.. οὔτε, μήτε.. μήτε, εἴτε.. εἴτε (qq.v.); τε may be used three or more times,ἔν τ' ἄρα οἱ φῦ χειρί, ἔπος τ' ἔφατ' ἔκ τ' ὀνόμαζεν Od.15.530
, cf. Il.1.177, 2.58, A.Pr. 89sq., B.17.19sq., Lys. 19.17, X.Cyr.3.3.36:— ἑνδεκάτη τε δυωδεκάτη τε prob. means the eleventh or twelfth, Od.2.374, 4.588:—sts. τε.. τε couples alternatives, , cf. Heracl. 153, El. 391; hence we find τε.. ἢ.., Pl.Tht. 143c, Ion 535d; on ἢ (or ἦ) .. τε in Il.2.289 and A.Eu. 524 (lyr.) v. ἦ 1.3.2 the first clause may be negative, the second affirmative, asἐκκλησίαν τε οὐκ ἐποίει.., τήν τε πόλιν ἐφύλασσε Th.2.22
; but οὔτε.. τε is more freq., asοὔτε ποσίν εἰμι ταχύς.., γιγνώσκω τε X.Cyr.2.3.6
(v.οὔτε 11.4
); we also find οὐ.. τε.. , asοὐχ ἡσύχαζον.., παρεκάλουν τε τοὺς ξυμμάχους Th.1.67
; and μὴ.. τε.. , as ἵνα μή τι διαφύγῃ ἡμᾶς, εἴ τέ τι βούλει κτλ. Pl.Phd. 95e.a τε.. δὲ.. , asκόμισαί τέ με, δὸς δέ μοι ἵππους Il.5.359
, cf. 7.418, S.OC 367, Tr. 285, E.Ph. 1625;ἐσθὰς ἀμφότερόν νιν ἔχεν, ἅ τε.. ἐπιχώριος.., ἀμφὶ δὲ παρδαλέᾳ στέγετο Pi.P.4.80
;διήκουέ τε.., ἔπειτα δὲ καὶ ἐπῄνεσε X.Cyr.4.4.3
; so with ἅμα δὲ καὶ.., ὡσαύτως δὲ καὶ.., Th.1.25, Pl.Smp. 186e:—so τε.., ἀτὰρ οὖν καὶ.., Id.Hp.Ma. 295e.bμὲν.. τε.., ἄνδρα μὲν.., τρεῖς τε κασιγνήτους Il.19.291
-3, cf. Od.22.475-6, Pi.O.6.88, 7.88, A.Th. 924, Ch. 585 (lyr.), S.Ant. 963 (lyr.), E.Heracl. 337 codd., Cyc.41 (lyr.), Ar.Nu. 563(lyr.), Pl.Phdr. 266c, Lg. 927b: v. μέν A. 11.6c.4 a single τε ( and) joins a word, phrase, or (esp. later) clause or sentence to what precedes,τελευτὴν κεφαλήν τε Pl.Ti. 69a
; θνητὰ ἀθάνατά τε ib.c;Ζεῦ ἄλλοι τε θεοί Il.6.476
; ; ῥίγησέν τ' ἂρ ἔπειτα ἄναξ ἀνδρῶν Ἀγαμέμνων v.l. for δ' ἂρ in 11.254; ἕν τε οὐδὲν κατέστη ἴαμα.., σῶμά τε αὔταρκες ὂν οὐδὲν διεφάνη.., Th.2.51; τά τε ἱερὰ.. νεκρῶν πλέα ἦν.. ib.52; νόμοι τε πάντες ξυνεταράχθησαν ibid.; , cf. 253, 262, al.;εἴς τε τὰς ἄλλας.. ἀθροίζεσθαι Aen.Tact.3.5
; τῶν τε ἀρχόντων.. ib.6, cf. 10.8, al.;ὅ τε γραφεὶς κύκλος.. Archim.Spir.11
Def.7;πρός τε τούτοις φησὶν.. PEnteux.63.18
(iii B.C.);χωρίς τε τούτων Plb.2.56.13
, 61.1, 3.17.7;ταῦτά τ' ἐγίνετο.. Id.2.43.6
, cf. 3.70.4;ἀπαιτούμενός τε ὑπ' ἐμοῦ τὰ ἔρια οὐκ ἀποδίδωσί PEnteux.2.6
, cf. 8.4, al. (iii B.C.); γράψαι Ἀγαθοκλεῖ τῷ ἐπιστάτῃ διασαφῆσαί τε αὐτῷ ib.81.21 (iii B.C.);καθόλου τε.. Arr.Epict.1.19.13
, cf. 2.2.17; , cf. 24, al.;ὄξει βαφικῷ στυπτηρίᾳ τε PHolm. 1.4
, cf. Gem.16.6;χρὴ.. λαχάνων ἅπτεσθαι, κοιλίαν τε λύειν Gp.1.12.19
, cf. 2.2.2, al.; this τε may be used any number of times, Od.4.149- 150, 14.75, 158-9, Men.Pk.15,16,20, Hipparch.1.9.8, Act.Ap.2.43,46, 4.13, 14, al.II τε.. καὶ.. , or τε καὶ.. , both.. and.., where τε points forward to καί, and usu. need not be translated, e.g. ; εἰ δὴ ὁμοῦ πόλεμός τε δαμᾷ καὶ λοιμὸς Ἀχαιούς ib.61; δειλός τε καὶ οὐτιδανὸς καλεοίμην ib. 293;ζωόν τε καὶ ἀρτεμέα 7.308
, cf. 327, 338, al.;τῆς τε γῆς ἐούσης ἐπιτηδέης καὶ τῶν ποταμῶν ἐόντων σφι συμμάχων Hdt.4.47
;βούλεταί τε καὶ ἐπίσταται Th.2.35
;ὁ φύς τε καὶ τραφείς Pl.R. 396c
;βάσιν τε γὰρ πάλιν τὴν αὐτὴν ἔχουσι τὴν ΖΒ καὶ.. Euc.1.47
; sts. the elements joined by τε.. καὶ.. are joined in order to be compared or contrasted rather than simply joined, ; ; ; ἐπαύσατό τε ὁ ἄνεμος καὶ τὸ κῦμα ἔστρωτο ib. 193;ταὐτὰ.. νῦν τε καὶ τότε Ar.Av. 24
; ; ; sts. (like τε.. τε) even used of alternatives,διάνδιχα μερμήριξεν, ἵππους τε στρέψαι καὶ ἐναντίβιον μαχέσασθαι Il.8.168
;ἐν δίκᾳ τε καὶ παρὰ δίκαν Pi.O.2.16
;θεοῦ τε.. θέλοντος καὶ μὴ θέλοντος A.Th. 427
;πείσας τε.. καὶ μὴ τυχών Th.3.42
:—on οἵ τε ἄλλοι καὶ.. , e.g.τοῖς τε ἄλλοις ἅπασι καὶ Λακεδαιμονίοις Isoc.12.249
, and ἄλλως τε καὶ.. , v. ἄλλος 11.6,ἄλλως 1.3
.2 in this sense τ' ἠδέ is only [dialect] Ep.,σκῆπτρόν τ' ἠδὲ θέμιστας Il.9.99
, cf. 1.400, al.; alsoτε.., ἰδέ, χαλκόν τε ἰδὲ λόφον 6.469
, cf. 8.162.3 καὶ.. τε, both.. and.., is occasionally found, as καὶ μητέρα πατέρα τ' E.Alc. 646.b καὶ.. τε perh. means and.. also inκαὶ ναυτικῷ τε ἅμα Th.1.9
;καὶ πρός τε τοὺς Ῥηγίνους Id.6.44
;καὶ αὐτός τε Id.8.68
; v. infr. c. 10.4 τε.. τε or τε.. καὶ.. sts. join elements which are not syntactically parallel, esp. a part. and a finite verb, ἰοῖσίν τε τιτυσκόμενοι λάεσσί τ' ἔβαλλον (for βάλλοντες) Il.3.80; ; ;τῆς τε ὥρας.. ταύτης οὔσης.., καὶ τὸ χωρίον.. χαλεπὸν ἦν Id.7.47
, cf. 4.85, 8.81, 95.5 the copulative τε becomes rare in later Gr.; it is found about 340 times in LXX, mostly in the Pentateuch and 1-4 Ma., only 3 times in Ps.; in the NT it is found about 150 times in Act.Ap., 20 times in Ep.Hebr., and very rarely in the other books.B In [dialect] Ep. (more rarely in other dactylic verse, v. infr. 11) τε stands in general or frequentative statements or in statements of what is well known; such statements are freq. made as justifications of a preceding particular statement or of a preceding exhortation to a particular person or persons; the sense of τε thus approaches that of τοι (cf. τοι and τε in Od.2.276-7, and cf. Il.13.115 with 15.203); although associated with numerous particles and other words of particular types (v. infr.) its meaning remains independent of these and applies to the whole sentence in which it stands: ; ;θεοὶ δέ τε πάντα ἴσασιν 4.379
, cf. 5.79, 447, 10.306, 17.485, Il.9.497, 16.688, 17.176, 21.264; , cf. Od.11.537, Il.24.526;ἤ τ' ἔβλητ' ἤ τ' ἔβαλ' ἄλλον 11.410
;οὐ μὲν γάρ τε κακὸν βασιλευέμεν Od.1.392
;οἳ φύλλοισιν ἐοικότες ἄλλοτε μέν τε ζαφλεγέες τελέθουσιν.. ἄλλοτε δὲ.. Il.21.464
; , cf. 8.169, 170, 15.400; τοῦ γάρ τε ξεῖνος μιμνήσκεται ἤματα πάντα, ἀνδρὸς ξεινοδόκου, ὅς κεν φιλότητα παράσχῃ ib.54, cf. 17.322;ῥεχθὲν δέ τε νήπιος ἔγνω Il.17.32
;παθὼν δέ τε νήπιος ἔγνω Hes.Op. 218
;αἰεὶ γάρ τε νεώτεροι ἀφραδέουσιν Od. 7.294
; δύσζηλοι γάρ τ' εἰμὲν ἐπὶ χθονὶ φῦλ' ἀνθρώπων ib. 307;τοῦ δέ τε πολλοὶ ἐπαυρίσκοντ' ἄνθρωποι, καί τε πολέας ἐσάωσε Il.13.733
-4; τοῦ μὲν γάρ τε κακοῦ τρέπεται χρὼς ἄλλυδις ἄλλῃ, ἐν δέ τέ οἱ κραδίη στέρνοισι πατάσσει.., πάταγος δέ τε γίγνετ' ὀδόντων ib. 279-83; ;νέῳ δέ τε πάντ' ἐπέοικεν.. κεῖσθαι 22.71
;κατέλεξεν ἅπαντα κήδε' ὅσ' ἀνθρώποισι πέλει, τῶν ἄστυ ἁλώῃ· ἄνδρας μὲν κτείνουσι, πόλιν δέ τε πῦρ ἀμαθύνει, τέκνα δέ τ' ἄλλοι ἄγουσι, βαθυζώνους τε γυναῖκας 9.592
-4, cf. 22.492, 495, 499;νεμεσσῶμαί γε μὲν οὐδέν· καὶ γάρ τίς τ' ἀλλοῖον ὀδύρεται ἄνδρ' ὀλέσασα.. ἢ Ὀδυσῆ' Od.19.265
;σχέτλιε, καὶ μέν τίς τε χερείονι πείθεθ' ἑταίρῳ.., αὐτὰρ ἐγὼ θεός εἰμι 20.45
, cf. 23.118, Il.2.292, 9.632; νῦν δὲ μνησώμεθα δόρπου· καὶ γάρ τ' ἠΰκομος Νιόβη ἐμνήσατο σίτου κτλ. 24.602 (where a general inference is implied);ὃν Βριάρεων καλέουσι θεοί, ἄνδρες δέ τε πάντες Αἰγαίων' 1.403
, cf. 2.814, 5.306, 10.258, 14.290; sts. of repeated action by particular persons,ἄλλοτε μέν τε γόῳ φρένα τέρπομαι Od.4.102
;οὐ μὰ γὰρ Ἀπόλλωνα Διὶ φίλον, ᾧ τε σύ, Κάλχαν, εὐχόμενος.. θεοπροπίας ἀναφαίνεις Il.1.86
; ἡ δὲ.. μ' αἰεὶ.. νεικεῖ, καί τέ μέ φησι μάχῃ Τρώεσσιν ἀρήγειν ib. 521;μήτηρ γάρ τέ μέ φησι θεά, Θέτις ἀργυρόπεζα, διχθαδίας κῆρας φερέμεν θανάτοιο τέλοσδε 9.410
.2 in exhortations addressed to an individual, a subsidiary sentence or relative clause in which he is reminded of his special or characteristic sphere of activity is marked by τε, e.g.Ἑρμεία, σοὶ γάρ τε μάλιστά γε φίλτατόν ἐστιν ἀνδρὶ ἑταιρίσσαι καί τ' ἔκλυες ᾧ κ' ἐθέλῃσθα, βάσκ' ἴθι.. Il.24.334
;Ἀτρεΐδη, σοὶ γάρ τε μάλιστά γε λαὸς Ἀχαιῶν πείσονται μύθοισι.., νῦν δ' ἀπὸ πυρκαϊῆς σκέδασον.. 23.156
;δεῦρο δὴ ὄρσο, γρηῢ.., ἥ τε γυναικῶν δμῳάων σκοπός ἐσσι.., ἔρχεο Od. 22.395
, cf. Il.17.249.3 similarly in general and frequentative statements consisting of two clauses (one of which may be a relative clause, freq. containing the subj. or opt.), in which the fulfilment of the condition stated in the subsidiary or subordinate clause is declared to be generally or always followed by the result stated in the principal clause, either or both clauses may contain τε:a the principal clause alone contains τε, ὅς κε θεοῖς ἐπιπείθηται, μάλα τ' ἔκλυον αὐτοῦ Il.1.218
;ὃς δ' ἂν ἀμύμων αὐτὸς ἔῃ καὶ ἀμύμονα εἰδῇ, τοῦ μέν τε κλέος εὐρὺ διὰ ξεῖνοι φορέουσι πάντας ἐπ' ἀνθρώπους, πολλοί τέ μιν ἐσθλὸν ἔειπον Od.19.333
;εἴ περ γὰρ θυμῷ γε μενοινάᾳ πολεμίζειν, ἀλλά τε λάθρῃ γυῖα βαρύνεται.., βλάβεται δέ τε γούνατ' ἰόντι Il.19.165
-6;ᾧ μέν κ' ἀμμείξας δώῃ Ζεὺς τερπικέραυνος, ἄλλοτε μέν τε κακῷ ὅ γε κύρεται ἄλλοτε δ' ἐσθλῷ 24.530
.b the subordinate clause alone contains τε, λάζετο δ' ἔγχος.. τῷ δάμνησι στίχας ἀνδρῶν ἡρώων οἷσίν τε κοτέσσεται ὀβριμοπάτρη 5.747
;ῥεῖα δ' ἀρίγνωτος γόνος ἀνέρος ᾧ τε Κρονίων ὄλβον ἐπικλώση Od.4.207
;ἀντί νυ πολλῶν λαῶν ἐστιν ἀνὴρ ὅν τε Ζεὺς κῆρι φιλήσῃ Il.9.117
, cf. 7.298, Od.6.287, 7.74, 8.547, 18.276; with opt.,ἀλλὰ πολὺ πρώτιστος.. ἕλεσκον ἀνδρῶν δυσμενέων ὅ τέ μοι εἴξειε πόδεσσι 14.221
: it is prob. that τε has been replaced by κε in the text of Hom. in Il.1.218, 9.510 (cf. 508), and some other passages in which κε seems to be used, exceptionally, in general relative clauses.c both clauses contain τε, ὃς μέν τ' αἰδέσεται κούρας Διὸς ἆσσον ἰούσας, τὸν δὲ μέγ' ὤνησαν καί τ' ἔκλυον εὐχομένοιο Il.9.508
-9;εἴ περ γάρ τε χόλον γε καὶ αὐτῆμαρ καταπέψῃ, ἀλλά τε καὶ μετόπισθεν ἔχει κότον 1.82
-3.4 in the subordinate clause of a collective sentence, in which the principal clause states something to be true of all those (i.e. each individual) to whom the predicate of the subordinate clause applies,ὑπόσχωμαι.. κτήματα.. πάντα μάλ' ὅσσα τ' Ἀλέξανδρος.. ἠγάγετο Τροίηνδ'.. δωσέμεν Il.22.115
; , cf. Od.18.131, Il.19.105; , cf. 18.485.5 in relative clauses (and in parenthetic principal clauses) which indicate what is customary, ἐπεὶ οὐχ ἱερήϊον οὐδὲ βοείην ἀρνύσθην, ἅ τε ποσσὶν ἀέθλια γίγνεται ἀνδρῶν which are the usual prizes.., Il.22.160;ἔργ' ἀνδρῶν τε θεῶν τε, τά τε κλείουσιν ἀοιδοί Od.1.338
, cf. 3.435, 4.85, 13.410, 14.226, 17.423, Il.5.332;κύματος ἐξαναδύς, τά τ' ἐρεύγεται ἤπειρόνδε Od.5.438
;μολπή τ' ὀρχηστύς τε, τὰ γάρ τ' ἀναθήματα δαιτός 1.152
: similarly in clauses withοἷά τε (πολλά), κῆτος ἐπισσεύῃ μέγα δαίμων ἐξ ἁλός, οἷά τε πολλὰ τρέφει.. Ἀμφιτρίτη 5.422
;οὐ γάρ σ' οὐδέ.. δαήμονι φωτὶ ἐΐσκω ἄθλων, οἷά τε πολλὰ μετ' ἀνθρώποισι πέλονται 8.160
, cf. 11.364, 14.63, 15.324, 379.6 in relative clauses indicating what is true of all persons or things denoted by the same word, οὐ γάρ τις νήσων ἱππήλατος οὐδ' εὐλείμων αἵ θ' ἁλὶ κεκλίαται no one of the islands which lie in the sea (as all islands do, i.e. no island at all), Od.4.608;ἡμίονον.. ἥ τ' ἀλγίστη δαμάσασθαι Il.23.655
;ἐσθλὸς ἐὼν γαμβρὸς ἢ πενθερός, οἵ τε μάλιστα κήδιστοι τελέθουσι Od.8.582
;αἰετοῦ οἴματ' ἔχων.. ὅς θ' ἅμα κάρτιστός τε καὶ ὤκιστος πετεηνῶν Il.21.252
, cf. 24.294;οὐδέ μιν εἰσοιχνεῦσι κυνηγέται, οἵ τε καθ' ὕλην ἄλγεα πάσχουσιν Od.9.120
;δικασπόλοι, οἵ τε θέμιστας πρὸς Διὸς εἰρύαται Il.1.238
, cf. Od.5.67, 101, Il.1.279, 19.31, 24.415;οἶνός σε τρώει.., ὅς τε καὶ ἄλλους βλάπτει Od.21.293
, cf. 14.464;πάρφασις, ἥ τ' ἔκλεψε νόον πύκα περ φρονεόντων Il.14.217
;οἰκωφελίη, ἥ τε τρέφει ἀγλαὰ τέκνα Od.14.223
.7 when the antecedent is a definite group of gods or men, the relative clause with τε indicates an essential characteristic of the antecedent,Ἐρινύες, αἵ θ' ὑπὸ γαῖαν ἀνθρώπους τείνυνται Il.19.259
;Σειρῆνας.., αἵ ῥά τε πάντας ἀνθρώπους θέλγουσιν Od.12.39
;Φαίηκές μ' ἄγαγον ναυσίκλυτοι, οἵ τε καὶ ἄλλους ἀνθρώπους πέμπουσιν 16.227
, cf. 20.187; ;Λωτοφάγων, οἵ τ' ἄνθινον εἶδαρ ἔδουσι Od.9.84
: similarly when the antecedent is an individual person (incl. god) or thing, the relative clause with τε indicates one of his or its general or essential characteristics or aspects, , cf. 2.669, Od.5.4;Ἑρμείαο ἕκητι διακτόρου, ὅς ῥά τε πάντων ἀνθρώπων ἔργοισι χάριν καὶ κῦδος ὀπάζει 15.319
;Λάμπον καὶ Φαέθονθ', οἵ τ' Ἠῶ πῶλοι ἄγουσι 23.246
;Τειρεσίαο μάντιος ἀλαοῦ, τοῦ τε φρένες ἔμπεδοί εἰσι 10.493
;τεύχεα δύνεις ἀνδρὸς ἀριστῆος, τόν τε τρομέουσι καὶ ἄλλοι Il.17.203
, cf. 7.112; κεῖται ἀνὴρ ὅν τ' (v.l. ὃν)ἶσον ἐτίομεν Ἕκτορι δίῳ, Αἰνείας 5.467
; the relative clause sts. indicates what is customary,οὐδέ σε λήθω τιμῆς ἧς τέ μ' ἔοικε τετιμῆσθαι μετ' Ἀχαιοῖς 23.649
;ἔνθα δ' ἀνὴρ ἐνίαυε πελώριος, ὅς ῥά τε μῆλα οἶος ποιμαίνεσκε Od.9.187
;τῶν πάντων οὐ τόσσον ὀδύρομαι.. ὡς ἑνός, ὅς τέ μοι ὕπνον ἀπεχθαίρει καὶ ἐδωδὴν μνωομένῳ 4.105
;σῆς ἀλόχου.. ἥ τέ τοι αὔτως ἧσται ἐνὶ μεγάροισιν 13.336
;καὶ κήρυκα Μέδοντα σαώσομεν, ὅς τέ μευ αἰεὶ.. κηδέσκετο 22.357
, cf. 346.8 τε is used in descriptions of particular places or things when attention is called to their peculiar or characteristic features, or their position, e.g.Λιβύην, ἵνα τ' ἄρνες ἄφαρ κεραοὶ τελέθουσι Od.4.85
; , cf. 9.124, 13.99, 100, 107, 109, 244; ἓξ δέ τέ οἱ (sc. Σκύλλῃ)δειραὶ περιμήκεες 12.90
, cf. 93,99, 105; ἐν δέ τε Γοργείη κεφαλή (in Athena's αἰγίς) Il.5.741; χαλεπὸν δέ τ' ὀρύσσειν ἀνδράσι γε θνητοῖσι (sc. μῶλυ) Od. 10.305; ; sts. τε draws attention to a well-known custom or permanent feature,ἀρξάμενοι τοῦ χώρου, ὅθεν τέ περ οἰνοχοεύει 21.142
;ἦ μένετε Τρῶας σχεδὸν ἐλθέμεν, ἔνθα τε νῆες εἰρύατ' εὔπρυμνοι Il.4.247
, cf. Od. 6.266;ἐν ποταμῷ, ὅθι τ' ἀρδμὸς ἔην πάντεσσι βοτοῖσιν Il.18.521
, cf. Od.14.353.9 a part of the anatomy is defined by a clause (containing τε) which indicates a feature which universally belongs to it,κατ' ἰσχίον, ἔνθα τε μηρὸς ἰσχίῳ ἐνστρέφεται Il.5.305
, cf. 8.83, 13.547, 16.481, 20.478; similarly a point of time is defined,ὥρῃ ἐν εἰαρινῇ, ὅτε τ' ἤματα μακρὰ πέλονται Od.18.367
.10 τε is used in relative clauses which define a measurement of a particular thing or action by reference to the measurement (in general) of some thing or action well known in daily life,γεφύρωσεν δὲ κέλευθον μακρὴν ἠδ' εὐρεῖαν, ὅσον τ' ἐπὶ δουρὸς ἐρωὴ γίγνεται Il.15.358
; ; , cf. 3.321, al.; more rarely the definition is by reference to the measurement of a particular thing or action, ἤσθιε.. ἕως ὅ τ' ἀοιδὸς ἐνὶ μεγάροισιν ἄειδεν (s.v.l.) 17.358;ἥ τις δὴ τέτληκε τόσα φρεσίν, ὅσσα τ' ἐγώ περ 19.347
.11 the freq. use of τε B in similes is to be explained under one or other of the foregoing heads, e.g. when reference is made to generally known kinds of things or natural phenomena, to human experience in daily life, or to well-known phenomena of the animal world, Il.2.456, 459, 463, 468, 470, 471, 474, 481, 3.23-5,33, 11.415-7, al.; or when universal characteristics of gods, men, animals, etc., are indicated by relative clauses introduced by ὅς τε, ὅς ῥά τε, etc., 3.61, 151, 198, al.; or by ὥς τε, ἠΰτε, ὥς τίς τε, etc., e.g. 5.136, 17.133, Od.4.535,ὡς εἴ τε 9.314
, 14.254, etc.II in post-Hom. Gr. this use of τε is more restricted; outside of [dialect] Ep. and other early dactylic verse (Hes.Op.30, 214, 233, al., Xenoph.13.3, Thgn.148, 359, etc.) it is not found except with relatives, and with these it has scarcely any discernible sense, so that ὅς τε in Lyr. and Trag. is for the most part only = ὅς, e.g. (possibly generalizing)Μοῖρ', ἅ τε πατρώϊον τῶνδ' ἔχει τὸν εὔφρονα πότμον Pi.O.2.35
, cf. 14.2, A.Eu. 1024, E.Hec. 445 (lyr.), etc. (v. ὅστε); without generalizing force, Pi.N.9.9, A.Pers. 297, Ch. 615, etc.; Hdt. hasτά πέρ τε 1.74
,ὅκως τε 2.108
codd., ὅσον τε (without a verb, as in Od.9.325, al.) 1.126, 2.96, 3.5, al.,οἷά τε 1.93
codd. (adverbially 2.175, 5.11): in [dialect] Att. Prose and Com. even these uses disappear and we find only a few phrases, as ἅτε, ὥστε, ἐφ' ᾧτε, οἷός τε; in later Gr. we find exceptionallyἔνθεν τε Hp.Ep.17
; (ii B.C.);ἀπ' οὗ τε PCair.Zen.291.3
(iii B.C.); (Erythrae, ii B.C.); ἥ τ' PMag.Par.1.2962;ὅσον τε ὀκτὼ στάδια Paus.6.26.1
; καὶ ἔστιν ἔπη Μαντικὰ ὁπόσα τε (= which)ἐπελεξάμεθα καὶ ἡμεῖς Id.9.31.5
;οἷόν τε καὶ ἐπὶ τῆς κύων φωνῆς θεωροῦμεν S.E.M.11.28
.C in Hom. τε is also (but less freq.) used in conjunction with other particles in contexts (mainly particular statements) such as the following:1 in assurances, statements on oath, and threats,σχέτλιος, ἦ τ' ἐκέλευον ἀπωσάμενον δήϊον πῦρ ἂψ ἐπὶ νῆας ἴμεν Il.18.13
;ἐξ αὖ νῦν ἔφυγες θάνατον, κύον· ἦ τέ τοι ἄγχι ἦλθε κακόν 11.362
; ἦ τε is similarly used in 11.391, 17.171, 236, Od.24.28, 311, al.; ἦ τ' ἄν in Il.12.69, al.; γάρ τε (s. v.l.) inοὐ γάρ τ' οἶδα 6.367
, cf. Od.10.190; νύ τε in 1.60, 347 (but τ' more prob. = τοι, v. σύ) ; δέ τε inἀγορῇ δέ τ' ἀμείνονές εἰσι καὶ ἄλλοι Il.18.106
; ; μέν τε in , cf. 4.341; εἴ πέρ τε inοὔ τοι ἔτι δηρόν γε φίλης ἀπὸ πατρίδος αἴης ἔσσεται, οὐδ' εἴ πέρ τε σιδήρεα δέσματ' ἔχῃσιν Od.1.204
, cf. 188, Il.12.223, 245.2 also in commands, warnings, and admonitions,σίγα, μή τίς τ' ἄλλος Ἀχαιῶν τοῦτον ἀκούσῃ μῦθον Il.14.90
, cf. Od.19.486; ; τούσδε τ' (v.l. δ')ἐᾶν 16.96
(nisi leg. τούσδ' ἔτ'); δὸς δέ τέ μ' ἄνδρα ἑλεῖν 5.118
; μηδέ τ' ἐρώει (nisi leg. μηδ' ἔτ') 2.179, 22.185.3 also in passionate utterances, in clauses which indicate the cause of the speaker's passion or a circumstance which might have caused others to behave more considerately towards him,ὤ μοι ἐγὼ δειλή.. ἥ τ'.. τὸν μὲν.. θρέψασα.. ἐπιπροέηκα Il.18.55
;σχέτλιοί ἐστε, θεοί, ζηλήμονες ἔξοχον ἄλλων, οἵ τε θεαῖς ἀγάασθε.. ἤν τίς τε.. Od.5.119
, 120, cf. 21.87, Il.15.468, 17.174; ἡμεῖς δ' αὖ μαχόμεσθ', οἵ πέρ τ' ἐπίκουροι ἔνειμεν and we, who ( mark you) are only allies (not γαμβροί and κασίγνητοι), are fighting, 5.477; τρεῖς γάρ τ' ἐκ Κρόνου εἰμὲν ἀδελφεοί for we, let me tell you, are three brothers, sons of Cronos (and Zeus has no prior title to power), 15.187;ποῖόν δε ἔπος φύγεν ἕρκος ὀδόντων δεινόν τ' ἀργαλέον τε· νεμεσσῶμαι δέ τ' ἀκούων Od.21.169
; .4 in descriptions of particular events and things where there is no general reference,κνίση μὲν ἀνήνοθεν, ἐν δέ τε φόρμιγξ ἠπύει Od.17.270
; ὥς (= so)τέ μοι ὑβρίζοντες ὑπερφιάλως δοκέουσιν δαίνυσθαι κατὰ δῶμα 1.227
;τοὺς μέν τ' ἰητροὶ πολυφάρμακοι ἀμφιπένονται.. σὺ δ' ἀμήχανος ἔπλευ, Ἀχιλλεῦ Il.16.28
; πόλιν πέρι δινηθήτην καρπαλίμοισι πόδεσσι, θεοὶ δέ τε πάντες ὁρῶντο dub. l. in 22.166;εὗρε δ' ἐνὶ σπῆϊ γλαφυρῷ Θέτιν, ἀμφὶ δέ τ' ἄλλαι εἵαθ' ὁμηγερέες ἅλιαι θεαί 24.83
(s.v.l.);ἐν δέ τε φάρμακον ἧκε Od.10.317
;νῶϊ δέ τ' ἄψορροι κίομεν Il.21.456
;πολλὰς γὰρ δὴ νύκτας.. ἄεσα καί τ' ἀνέμεινα.. Ἠῶ Od.19.342
;δέελον δ' ἐπὶ σῆμά τ' ἔθηκε Il.10.466
;ἐν δέ τε οἶνον κρητῆρσιν κερόωντο Od.20.252
; so with οὐδέ τ' (nisi leg. οὐδ' ἔτ'), τὸν καὶ ὑπέδδεισαν μάκαρες θεοὶ οὐδέ τ' ἔδησαν Il.1.406
;οὐδέ τ' ἔληγε μέγας θεός, ὦρτο δ' ἐπ' αὐτόν 21.248
;οὐδέ τ' ἄειρε 23.730
;οὐδέ τ' ἔασεν 11.437
, 21.596, cf. 15.709.5 ὅτε τε ( when) freq. introduces a temporal clause defining a point of time in the past by means of a well-known event which occurred then, ἦ οὐ μέμνῃ ὅτε τ' ἐκρέμω ὑψόθεν; Il.15.18;ὅτε τε Κρόνον.. Ζεὺς γαίης νέρθε καθεῖσε 14.203
; (but ἤματι τῷ ὅτε τε is general in 13.335; so also ὅτε πέρ τε.. κέρωνται in 4.259); , cf. 10.286, 22.102, Od.7.323, 18.257.6 in ὅ τε ( that or because) the τε has no observable meaning, , cf. 412, 4.32, 6.126, Od.5.357, al.7 ἐπεί τε = ἐπεί ( when) is rare in Hom.,ἐπεί τ' ἐνόησε Il.12.393
, cf. ἐπείτε.8 where τ' ἄρ occurs in questions, e.g. πῇ τ' ἂρ μέμονας καταδῦναι ὅμιλον; Il.13.307, cf. 1.8, 18.188, al., ταρ (q.v.) should prob. be read, since ἄρ ([etym.] α) usu. precedes a τε which is not copulative; so perh. ταρα should be read for τ' ἄρα in Od.1.346.9 inἣ θέμις ἐστὶν.. ἤ τ' ἀνδρῶν ἤ τε γυναικῶν Il.9.276
, it is not clear whether τε is copulative (τε A) or generalizing (τε B) or neither (τε C); ἤ is prob. = ἦ (accented as in ἤτοι (; ἤ τ' ἀλκῆς ἤ τε φόβοιο is dub. l. in 17.42; ἤ τ' = or is found in 19.148, = than in Od.16.216.10 Rarer and later uses;a also, esp. withἄλλος, Ἑρμεία, σὺ γὰρ αὖτε τά τ' ἄλλα περ ἄγγελός ἐσσι Od.5.29
, cf. 17.273, Il.23.483;ἐπεὶ τά τε ἄλλα πράττουσιν καλῶς, ἀναθεῖναι αὐτοὺς καὶ στήλην IG22.1298.9
, cf. Lycurg.100 (s.v.l.);ἐκομισάμην τὸ παρὰ σοῦ ἐπιστόλιον, ἐν ᾧ ὑπέγραψάς μοι τήν τε παρὰ Ζήνωνος πρὸς Ἰεδδοῦν γεγραμμένην PCair.Zen.18.1
(iii B.C.); εἰ οὖν περὶ τούτων ἐπιστροφὴν μὴ ποιήσει, οἵ τε λοιποί μοι τὰς χεῖρας προσοίσουσιν (- σωσιν Pap.) PPetr.2p.10 (iii B.C.);τῶν δὲ παρὰ ταῦτα ποιησόντων τά τε κτήνη ὑπὸ στέρεσιν ἀχθήσεσθαι πρὸς τὰ ἐκφόρια PTeb.27.74
(ii B.C.); v. supr. A. 11.3b.b with ὅδε, adding a slight emphasis to the preceding word,εἰ δὴ τήνδε τε γαῖαν ἀνείρεαι Od.13.238
, cf. 15.484.c τε γάρ rarely = καὶ γάρ or γάρ, Arist.APo. 75b41, de An. 405a4, PA 661b28, Pol. 1318b33, 1333a2; ἐάν τε γάρ for even if, 2 Ep.Cor.10.8; τήν τε γὰρ ἐπιθυμίαν οὐκ ᾔδειν for I had not known even lust. Ep.Rom.7.7.D Position of τε:1 in signf. A, as an enclitic, it stands second word in the sentence, clause, or phrase, regardless of the meaning: ἐγγύθι τε Πριάμοιο καὶ Ἕκτορος near both Priam and Hector, Il.6.317; , cf. 4.505, 7.295; codd., cf. 291 (anap.);ἄνευ τε δόλου καὶ ἀπάτης Hdt.1.69
;ὑπέρ τε σοῦ καὶ τῆς ἀδελφῆς PEnteux.6.6
(iii B.C.); , cf. Ti. 70b; hence in E.Or. 897 πόλεος must be taken with what precedes (Porson ad loc.): but article + noun, preposition + noun are freq. regarded as forming a unity indivisible by τε, τοῖς κτανοῦσί τε A.Ch.41
(lyr.);πρὸς βίαν τε Id.Pr. 210
; also the order is freq. determined by the meaning, τε being placed immediately after the word (or first word of a phrase or clause) which it joins to what precedes or to what follows,πατὴρ ἀνδρῶν τε θεῶν τε Il.1.544
;ἔξω δόμων τε καὶ πάτρας A.Pr. 665
; the copulative or preparatory τε precedes many other particles, e.g. τε γάρ, τ' ἄρα, τέ τις.2 τε is enclitic in signfs. B, C also, and stands early in its sentence, clause, or phrase (v. supr.), but many particles which follow τε in signf. A precede it in signfs. B, C, e.g. in signfs. B, C we have δέ τε, μέν τε, γάρ τε, ἀλλά τε, δ' ἄρα τε, ὅς ῥά τε, οὔτ' ἄρ τε, καὶ γάρ τίς τε, ὅς τίς τε, καί τε. -
8 ἐνδεής
A wanting or lacking in, in need of, c. gen., ἐ. εἶναι or γεγενῆσθαί τινος, Hdt.1.32, Antipho 5.77;ἑνός μοι μῦθος ἐ. ἔτι E.Hec. 835
; πολλῶν ἐ., opp. αὐτάρκης, Pl.R. 369b; ποιητοῦ δ' ἐστὶν ἐ... πρὸς τὸ ἐπιδεῖξαι, caret vate sacro, Id.Smp. 195d, cf. Lg. 697e;σμικροῦ τινος ἐ. εἰμι πάντ' ἔχειν Id.Prt. 329b
.2 abs., in want, in need, X.HG6.1.3 codd., etc.b lacking, deficient, freq. in [comp] Comp.,ἐνδεέστερα πράγματα Hdt.7.48
; φαίνεται ἐνδεεστέρα [ ἡ στρατεία] Th.1.10;- εστέρα παρασκευή Id.4.65
;ἐνδεέστεροι ταῖς οὐσίαις Isoc.4.105
; also in Posit., οὐδὲν ἐνδεὲς ποιεῖσθαι leave nothing unsaid, S.Ph. 375;τοῦτο πολ ῷ τοῦ παρόντος ἐνδεές E.Heracl. 170
;μηδὲν ἐνδεὲς λίπῃς Id.Ph. 385
;ἐνδεὲς φαίνεταί τι Th.5.9
;ἐνδεές τι ἐν τῷ σώματι ἔχειν X.Cyr.8.1.40
;ἐ. τὸν βίον Men.592
;τὴν ὄψιν Luc.DMar.1.2
; τὸ ἐ. lack, want, defect, = ἔνδεια, Th.1.77; τὸ αὐτῶν ἐ. their deficiency, Id.3.83.3 inferior, τὰ κρείσσω μηδὲ τἀνδεᾶ λέγειν the worse, S.OC 1430;γένει οὐδενὸς ἐνδεής X.HG7.1.23
; τῆς δυνάμεως ἐνδεᾶ πρᾶξαι to act short of your real power, Th.1.70; τούτου ἐνδεᾶ ἐφαίνετο (sc. τἃ πράγματα ) their power was unequal to the purpose, ib. 102: [comp] Comp.ἐνδεέστερός τινος S.Ph. 524
;τῆς δόξης Th.2.11
;αὑτοῦ Plu.Cic.35
.5 Gramm., defective, A.D.Synt.239.18.6 Adv. ἐνδεῶς defectively, insufficiently, opp. ἱκανῶς, Pl.Phd. 88e, R. 523e; ἐ. ἔχειν τινός to be in want of, E.Fr.898.8;τῶν ἀναγκαίων Plu.Nic.27
; μὴ ἐνδεῶς γνῶναι judge not insufficiently, Th.2.40: [comp] Comp. ἐνδεεστέρως παρεῖχεν ἢ πρὸς τὴν ἐξουσίαν less than, Id.4.39;ἐ. πρὸς ἃ βούλεται δηλοῦσθαι Id.2.35
;ἐ. ἔχειν Pl.Phd. 74e
; ἐ. ἢ προσῆκεν τιμωρήσασθαι Epist. Philipp. ap. D.12.12: rarely- έστερον A.D.Synt.209.21
. -
9 ἔωρτο
A v. ἀείρω. [full] ἕως (A) ἡ, [dialect] Att. form of the [dialect] Ion. ἠώς (q. v.).------------------------------------ἕως (B), [dialect] Ep. [full] εἵως, [full] ἧος (v. sub fin.), [dialect] Dor. [full] ἇς, [dialect] Aeol. [full] ἆς (qq.v.), [dialect] Boeot. [full] ἇς IG7.3303, al., and [full] ἅως ib.2228, 3315.A Relat. Particle, expressing the point of Time up to which an action goes, with reference to the end of the action, until, till; or to its continuance, while:I until, till,1 with Ind., of a fact in past time,θῦνε διὰ προμάχων, ἧος φίλον ὤλεσε θυμόν Il.11.342
, cf. Od.5.123;ἕ. ἀπώλεσέν τε καὐτὸς ἐξαπώλετο S.Fr. 236
, cf. A.Pers. 428, Pl.Chrm. 155c, etc.; forπρίν, μὴ πρότερον ἀπελθεῖν ἕως ἀποκατέστησε τὰ πράγματα D.S.27.4
: with [tense] impf. with ἄν in apodosi, of an unaccomplished action, ἡδέως ἂν Καλλικλεῖ διελεγόμην, ἕ. ἀπέδωκα I would have gone on conversing till I had.., Pl.Grg. 506b, cf.Cra. 396c.2 ἕ. ἄν or κε with Subj. (mostly of [tense] aor.), of an event at an uncertain future time, μαχήσομαι.. ἧός κε τέλος πολέμοιο κιχείω till I find, Il.3.291, cf. 24.183, A.Pr. 810, etc.: ἄν is sts. omitted in Trag.,ἕ. μάθῃς S.Aj. 555
;ἕ. κληθῇ Id.Tr. 148
;ἕ. ἀνῇ τὸ πῆμα Id.Ph. 764
: so freq. in later Gr., UPZ18.10 (ii B. C.), PGrenf. 2.38.16 (i B. C.), Ev.Marc.14.32, Vett. Val.68.18, etc.;ἕ. οὗ γένηται Gem.8.32
.3 ἕ. with Opt. (mostly of [tense] aor.), relating to an event future in relation to past time, ὦρσε.. Βορέην, ἧος ὃ Φαιήκεσσι.. μιγείη caused it to blow, till he should reach.., Od.5.386, cf. 9.376, Ar.Ra. 766, Pl.Phd. 59d;ἕως δέοι βοηθεῖν Th.3.102
, cf.Lys.13.25: ἄν or κε is added to the Opt. (not to ἕως), if the event is represented as conditional, ἕ. κ' ἀπὸ πάντα δοθείη till (if possible) all things should be given back, Od.2.78;οὐκ [ἂν] ἀποκρίναιο, ἕ. ἂν σκέψαιο Pl.Phd. 101d
, cf. S.Tr. 687 codd., Isoc.17.15, IG22.1328 (ii B.C.).b in orat. obliq.,ἔδωκεν.. ἕ. ἀνὴρ εἶναι δοκιμασθείην D.27.5
.c by assimilation to an opt. withἄν, [λόγον] ἂν διδοίης ἕ. ἔλθοις Pl.Phd. 101d
.4 c. subj. or opt., expressing purpose, in order that, Od.4.800, 6.80, 19.367;πορεύου εἰς Διονυσιάδα.. ἕως τὸν ἐκεῖ ἐλαιῶνα ποτίσῃς PFay.118.12
(ii A. D.); σπούδασον ἕως οὗ ἀγοράσῃ κτλ. POxy.113.25 (ii A. D.); χρυσίον ἐδανισάμην ἕως ὅτε δυνηθῶ ἀγοράσαι ib.130.13 (vi A. D.).5 with Inf. in orat. obliq.,ἐντειλάμενος διεκπλέειν ἕ... ἀπικνέεσθαι Hdt.4.42
: otherwise only in later Gr.,ἕ. ἐλθεῖν ἐς.. LXX Ge.10.19
, cf. PLond. 1.131r251 (i A. D.), D.H.9.4 (v.l.), Anon. ap. Suid.s.v. ἰλυσπώμενον.6 with Advbs. of Time and Place, ἕ. ὅτε till the time when, c. ind., v.l. for ἔστε in X.Cyr.5.1.25; ἕ. οὗ, f.l. for ἐς οὗ, Hdt.2.143: freq. in later Gr., Gem.l.c., Ev.Matt.1.25, etc.; ἕ. ὅτου ib.5.25, etc.; ἕ. πότε; how long? ib.17.17, Ev.Jo.10.24;ἕ. τότε LXX Ne.2.16
; ἕ. ὀψέ till late, f.l.for ἐς ὀψέ, Th.3.108;ἕ. ἄρτι 1 Ep.Jo.2.9
; ἕ. ὧδε as far as this place, Ev.Luc.23.5.b with Preps., of Time,ἕ. πρὸς καλὸν ἑῷον ἀστέρα AP5.200
; of Place,ἕ. εἰς τὸν χάρακα Plb.1.11.14
;ἕ. πρὸς τὸν Καύκασον D.S.2.43
;ἕ. ἐπὶ τὴν θάλασσαν Act.Ap.17.14
.II as Prep.,1 of Time, c. gen., until, ἕως τοῦ ἀποτεῖσαι until he has made payment, Lexap.Aeschin.1.42, cf. LXX Ge.3.19, etc.;ἕ. τελειώσεως Epicur.Ep. 2p.38U.
;ἕ. ὡρισμένων χρόνων Phld.D.1.7
; ἕ. τινός for a time, Parth. 9.2, etc.;ἕ. τοῦ νῦν Ev.Matt.24.21
; ἕ. Ἰωάννου ib.11.13.b of Place,ἕ. τοῦ γενέσθαι..
up to the point where..Arist.
PA 668b2, cf. HA 630b27, Plb.9.36.1; as far as,ἕ. Σάρδεων Ath.Mitt.44.25
(Samos, iii B.C.);ἕ. τοῦ Ἀρσινοΐτου νομοῦ PTeb.33.5
(ii B.C.);ἕ. Φοινίκης Act.Ap.11.19
: so c. gen. pers.,ἦλθον ἕ. αὐτοῦ Ev.Luc.4.42
, cf. LXX 4 Ki. 4.22.c of Number or Degree, ἕ. τριῶν πλοίων Docum. ap. D.18.106;διδόναι ἕ. ταλάντων ἑκατόν LXX 1 Es.8.19(21)
; οὐκ ἔστιν ἕ. ἑνός ib.Ps. 13.3;οὐκ ἔχομεν ἕ. τῆς τροφῆς τῶν κτηνῶν PTeb.56.7
(ii B.C.);ἐᾶτε ἕ. τούτου Ev.Luc.22.51
;μαχοῦμαι ἕ. ζωῆς καὶ θανάτου OGI266.29
(Pergam., iii B.C.);ἕ. μέθης Corn.ND30
.2 rarely c. acc.,ἕ. πρωΐ LXX Jd.19.25
;ἕ. μεσημβρίαν PLond.1.131r346
, 515 (i A.D.); ἕ. τὸ βωμῷ down to the word " βωμῷ", Sch.Pi.O.6.111.III while, so long as, c. ind.,ἧος ἐνὶ Τροίῃ πολεμίζομεν Od.13.315
, cf.17.358, 390;ἕ. δ' ἔτ' ἔμφρων εἰμί A.Ch. 1026
, cf. Pers. 710 (troch.); ἕ. ἔτι ἐλπὶς [ἦν] Th.8.40;ἕ. ἔτινέος εἶ Pl.Prm. 135d
: in this sense answered in apodosi by τῆος, Od.4.90, Il.20.41; by τόφρα, Od.12.327, Il.18.15; by τόφρα δέ, 10.507; by δέ alone, 1.193, Od.4.120 codd.b ἕ. ἄν c.subj., when the whole action is future,οὔ μοι.. ἐλπίς, ἕ. ἂν αἴθῃ πῦρ A.Ag. 1435
;λέγειν τε χρὴ καὶ ἐρωτᾶν, ἕως ἂν ἐῶσιν Pl.Phd. 85b
;οὐδὲν ἔστ' αὐτῷ βεβαίως ἔχειν ἕ. ἂν ὑμεῖς δημοκρατῆσθε D.10.13
.c ἕως c. opt. in a Conditional relative clause,φήσομεν μηδὲν ἂν μεῖζον μηδὲ ἔλαττον γενέσθαι ἕ. ἴσον εἴη αὐτὸ ἐαυτῷ Pl.Tht. 155a
.B in Hom. sts. Demonstr.,= τέως, for a time,ἧος μὲν.. ὄρνυον· αὐτὰρ ἐπεὶ.. Il.12.141
;ἧος μὲν ἀπείλει.. · ἀλλ' ὅτε δὴ.. 13.143
, cf. 17.727, 730, Od.2.148;ἧος μὲν.. ἕποντο.. αὐτὰρ ἐπεὶ.. Il.15.277
; all that time, Od.3.126, cf. Hdt.8.74. ( ἕως, as iambus, only once in Hom., Od.2.78; as a monosyll., Il.17.727, dub.l. in Od.2.148; when the first syllable is to be long codd. Hom. have εἵως or ἕως (never εἷος or ἧος, Ludwich WkP1890.512, exc. ειος v.l. (PFay. 160 ) in Il.20.41), 3.291, 11.342, al.; εἵως (or ἕως) is found even when the metre requires a trochee, 1.193, al.; comparison of [dialect] Dor. ἇς (from Αος ) with [dialect] Att.-[dialect] Ion. ἕως points to early [dialect] Ion. Ηος (cf. Skt. yāvat 'as great as, as long as, until') and this should prob. be restored in Hom.; cf. τέως.)
См. также в других словарях:
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μελετώ — άω (ΑM μελετῶ, άω, Α και μελετῶ, έω) 1. προσπαθώ να μάθω ή να κατανοήσω κάτι με άσκηση ή με ανάγνωση, επιδίδομαι στη σπουδή ενός θέματος, σπουδάζω (α. «μὴ προμεριμνᾱτε τί λαλήσητε, μηδὲ μελετᾱτε», ΚΔ β. «μελετώ τη θεωρία τής σχετικότητας») 2.… … Dictionary of Greek
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PRIVILEGIUM — ius est singulare, et in certae personae vel causae gratiam, favoremve: Isidoro Lex de uno homine lata. De his Lex XII. Tabb. memorata Ciceroni, de LL. l. 3. Privilegia ne irroganto, i. e. de privis seu singulis hominibus leges ne ferantur; varie … Hofmann J. Lexicon universale
ει — (I) εἰ (Α) Ι. 1. μόριο που χρησιμοποιείται ως επιφώνημα με προστακτική ή έγκλιση επιθυμίας για να δηλώσει προτροπή («εἰ δὲ σὺ μὲν ἄκουσον», Ιλ. Ι) 2. σε ευχές με ευκτική 3. συνήθως ακολουθείται από το γαρ («αἴ γὰρ δὴ οὕτως εἴη», Ιλ. Δ) 4. σε… … Dictionary of Greek
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κράτος — Η συνολική οργάνωση μιας κοινωνίας και η υπαγωγή της σε ένα σύστημα δικαίου, το οποίο αφορά έναν συγκεκριμένο λαό και ένα επίσης συγκεκριμένο εδαφικό πλαίσιο. Το κ. συνδέεται πάντοτε με το δίκαιο, που είναι δημιούργημα και δημιουργός του. Η… … Dictionary of Greek
μέδιμνος — Μονάδα χωρητικότητας για ξηρά εδώδιμα, κυρίως σιτηρά. Θεσπίστηκε από τον Σόλωνα στην Αθήνα, ενώ υποδιαιρέσεις του ήταν ο τριτεύς (ένα τρίτο), ο εκτεύς (ένα έκτο), το ημίεκτο (ένα δωδέκατο), ο χοίνιξ (ένα τεσσαροκοστό όγδοο) και η κοτύλη (ένα… … Dictionary of Greek